Search Results: first-pennsylvanians-the-archaeology-of-native-americans-in-pennsylvania

In First Pennsylvanians, Kurt Carr and Roger Moeller provide a broad, accessible, and wide-ranging overview of the archaeological record of Native Americans in Pennsylvania from early prehistory through the Paleoindian, Archaic, Transitional, Woodland, and Contact periods, stretching from 16,500 years ago to 1750 C.E. The authors present and analyze specific traits of each archaeological time period covered and use the archaeological record to provide a glimpse of Native Americans&’ daily life in Pennsylvania. First Pennsylvanians also includes personal stories and anecdotes from archaeologists about their experiences in the field as well as a wealth of illustrations and diagrams. The chapters examine the environment, social groups, tools, subsistence, and settlement patterns of Native Americans in Pennsylvania and describe how these factors profoundly affected the populations and cultures of these early inhabitants of the region.

With the advent of European settlement, the Indian foot trails that laced the Pennsylvania wilderness often became bridle paths, wagon roads, and eventually even motor highways. Most of the old paths were so well situated that there was little reason to forsake them until the age of the automobile. That the Indians, taking every advantage offered by the terrain, "kept the level" so well among Pennsylvania's mountains is an engineering curiosity. Just as remarkable is the complexity of the system and its adaptability to changing seasons and weather. Colonial travelers and Indians met frequently on the trail. Whether traveling to hunt, trade, war, negotiate, or visit, Native Americans demonstrated in these chance encounters that they were not the fiends some thought them to be. Indian Paths of Pennsylvania traces the Indian routes, reveals historical associations, and guides the motorist in following them today.

An expert in the field of urban archaeology presents a colorful portrait of old Philadelphia and the lives of earlier inhabitants of the city through the findings of archaeological excavations that reconstruct the world of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Philadelphia.

This volume describes the Native American presence in the Susquehanna River Valley, a key crossroads of the old Eastern Woodlands between the Great Lakes and the Chesapeake Bay in Northern Appalachia.

Seeking Our Past: An Introduction to North American Archaeology offers an up-to-date and engaging introduction to North America's past that also illustrates contemporary archaeological practice. The authors include examples from both North American prehistory and history--drawn from academic archaeology and Cultural Resource Management (CRM)--in order to provide a broad overview of how the continent was settled, what archaeologists have learned about life across the North American culture areas, and how current archaeologists research our past. Chapters are enhanced by case studies written especially for this book by the original researchers. Through these case studies readers gain familiarity with particular projects and insight into what archaeologists actually do. In addition, the authors cover such important ethical issues as respecting and working with descendant populations and the need for archaeological stewardship. They also provide valuable information about contemporary practice and careers in archaeology. New to this Edition * Expanded discussion of Paleoindian adaptations * A completely new chapter (13) that covers North American historical archaeology thematically * New and streamlined case studies * Revised and updated "Issues and Debates" and "Clues to the Past" feature boxes and "Faces in Archaeology" profiles * New feature boxes, "Anthropological Themes," which remind students of the broad anthropological research questions listed in Chapter 2 and show where to look for relevant discussions in each chapter

Originally published in 1928 by The Telegraph Press as "A History of the Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania with Numerous Historical Notes and References." This book, Dr. George P. Donehoo's "Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania," was written and published in the early 20th century. That was a time when Americans were just beginning to become enthusiastic fans of much that was, or seemed to be, related to Native Americans. That was a time when Americans romanticized about the people who lived here before the Europeans and others arrived. During the time that Dr. Donehoo was creating this informative book, Americans couldn't get enough of the popularized images of Indians. Books, paintings, songs and movies delivered exciting images of Native American life. "Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania" is a valuable reference book for anyone, student or other, who wants to learn more about the land's inhabitants before it ever became "Penn's Woods." Although first published in 1928, it was reprinted in 1977. Now it is being reprinted again. The need for this reprint comes from Dr. Donehoo's translations of the hundreds of Native American names that appear across the commonwealth. We must accept a sorry fact: Pennsylvania's Native American population is almost totally gone from the commonwealth. In addition, the main things that they left behind might be their countless arrowheads and their hundreds of Native American place names. While not all citizens of the Keystone State are interested in our state's Indian heritage, all should be aware of it. The author, Dr. George P. Donehoo, was a scholar who studied many aspects of Native American culture. At the time that he was studying and writing, there had been very little archaeology to support his work; yet Dr. Donehoo was able to explain much about the Native Americans' several languages, their sweeping historical events and the many important historical sources on which he based his information. Above all, "Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania" explains the meanings of hundreds of Indian names-from Achsinning (Standing Stone) to Zinachson (Demon's Den) that still appear throughout our commonwealth. Although most Native Americans and their culture have vanished from Pennsylvania, their colorful place names are a permanent reminder of their once-vibrant presence. Because Dr. George P. Donehoo was so diligent and conscientious in his work, this book explains those fascinating names. For the many readers who do appreciate our Native American heritage, this book will continue to be a welcome addition to their libraries. The reader will soon realize why "Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania" is a marvelous reference work.

Three thousand to four thousand years ago, the Native Americans of the mid-Atlantic region experienced a groundswell of cultural innovation. This remarkable era, known as the Transitional period, saw the advent of broad-bladed bifaces, cache blades, ceramics, steatite bowls, and sustained trade, among other ingenious and novel objects and behaviors. In The Nature and Pace of Change in American Indian Cultures, eight expert contributors examine the Transitional period in Pennsylvania and posit potential explanations of the significant changes in social and cultural life at that time. Building upon sixty years of accumulated data, corrected radiocarbon dating, and fresh research, scholars are reimagining the ancient environment in which native people lived. The Nature and Pace of Change in American Indian Cultures will give readers new insights into a singular moment in the prehistory of the mid-Atlantic region and the daily lives of the people who lived there. The contributors are Joseph R. Blondino, Kurt W. Carr, Patricia E. Miller, Roger Moeller, Paul A. Raber, R. Michael Stewart, Frank J. Vento, Robert D. Wall, and Heather A. Wholey.

Since its original pub. in 1961, this book has been one of the best & most popular histories of the Indians of PA. This edition updates some factual content while retaining the author¿s original interpretation. The Delawares who were the Indians most closely associated with PA, called themselves ¿Lenni Lenape¿, which means the Real (or Original) People. Wallace discusses their origins, neighbors, physical appearance & dress, villages & houses, occupations, travel, warfare, gov¿t. & social org., life cycle, religion, & amusements; the Iroquois Confederacy; the Beaver Wars; Indian refugees in PA; the Shawnees; Indian land cessions & Delaware migrations; PA Indian policy & Indian wars; the Cornplanter Grant; & famous Indians of PA. Illustrations.

Two powerfully contradictory images dominate historical memory when we think of Native Americans and colonists in early Pennsylvania. To one side is William Penn&’s legendary treaty with the Lenape at Shackamaxon in 1682, enshrined in Edward Hicks&’s allegories of the &"Peaceable Kingdom.&" To the other is the Paxton Boys&’ cold-blooded slaughter of twenty Conestoga men, women, and children in 1763. How relations between Pennsylvanians and their Native neighbors deteriorated, in only 80 years, from the idealism of Shackamaxon to the bloodthirstiness of Conestoga is the central theme of Friends and Enemies in Penn&’s Woods. William Pencak and Daniel Richter have assembled some of the most talented young historians working in the field today. Their approaches and subject matter vary greatly, but all concentrate less on the mundane details of how Euro- and Indian Pennsylvanians negotiated and fought than on how people constructed and reconstructed their cultures in dialogue with others. Taken together, the essays trace the collapse of whatever potential may have existed for a Pennsylvania shared by Indians and Europeans. What remained was a racialized definition that left no room for Native people, except in reassuring memories of the justice of the Founder. Pennsylvania came to be a landscape utterly dominated by Euro-Americans, who managed to turn the region&’s history not only into a story solely about themselves but a morality tale about their best (William Penn) and worst (Paxton Boys) sides. The construction of Pennsylvania on Native ground was also the construction of a racial order for the new nation. Friends and Enemies in Penn&’s Woods will find a broad audience among scholars of early American history, Native American history, and race relations.

On two chilly December days in 1763, bands of armed men raged through camps of peaceful Conestoga Indians. They killed twenty women, children and men, effectively wiping out the tribe. These murderous rampages by Lancaster County's Paxton Boys were the culminating tragedies in a series of traded atrocities between European settlers and native tribes. Lancaster journalist Jack Brubaker gives a blow-by-blow account of the massacres, examines their aftermath and investigates how the Paxton Boys got away with murder. Join Brubaker as he follows the bloody trail left by the killers through the Pennsylvania countryside.

The Buried Past presents the most significant archaeological discoveries made in one of America's most historic cities. Based on more than thirty years of intensive archaeological investigations in the greater Philadelphia area, this study contains the first record of many nationally important sites linking archaeological evidence to historical documentation, including Interdependence and Valley Forge National Historical Parks. It provides an archaeological tour through the houses and life-ways of both the great figures and the common people. It reveals how people dined, what vessels and dishes they used, and what their trinkets (and secret sins) were.

One of only fifteen national forests in the eastern United States, the Allegheny National Forest encompasses 800 square miles in north-central Pennsylvania. Discover the beauty of this natural area, its bears, bats, and bobcats of today, and its rich history, encompassing the Seneca Nation and pioneering lumber, oil, and natural gas industries. Pennsylvania Wilds celebrates the cultural heritage of a national forest that plays host to an unfolding drama that continues today. A beautifully illustrated history of the forest from prehistoric times to the present covers 50 can't-miss attractions in the Allegheny National Forest region. The included interactive CD gives readers a bird's-eye view of the biology, geology, and history of the Allegheny National Forest.

Throughout 1778, Iroquois war parties repeatedly raided the frontiers of Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey. In 1779, General George Washington decided to punish them. He sent Major General John Sullivan into the Iroquois country with orders to make it uninhabitable. "Scorched Earth - General Sullivan and the Senecas" tells how Sullivan's invasion force of thousands of soldiers marched it into the Pennsylvania hinterland, up the Susquehanna River, and into the Iroquois homeland. Along the way, the troops burned every village and destroyed every farm they found. As the army advanced, the Indians - men, women, and children - fled. Drawing upon first-person accounts kept by Sullivan's officers, author John L. Moore chronicles how the troops devoted much more time to laying waste to cornfields than they did to fighting Iroquois warriors. Washington himself was ecstatic. "Their whole country has been overrun and laid waste," he said. In the end, many more Indians starved during the following winter than were killed in battle with Sullivan's soldiers.

The Keystone State, so nicknamed because it was geographically situated in the middle of the thirteen original colonies and played a crucial role in the founding of the United States, has remained at the heart of American history. Created partly as a safe haven for people from all walks of life, Pennsylvania is today the home of diverse cultures, religions, ethnic groups, social classes, and occupations. Many ideas, institutions, and interests that were first formed or tested in Pennsylvania spread across America and beyond, and continue to inform American culture, society, and politics. This book tells that story&—and more. It recenters Pennsylvania in the American historical narrative. Pennsylvania: A History of the Commonwealth offers fresh perspectives on the Keystone State from a distinguished array of scholars who view the history of this Commonwealth critically and honestly, using the latest and best scholarship to give a modern account of Pennsylvania's past. They do so by emphasizing the evolution of Pennsylvania as a place and an idea. The book, the first comprehensive history of Pennsylvania in almost three decades, sets the Pennsylvania story in the larger context of national social, cultural, economic, and political development. Without sacrificing treatment of the influential leaders who made Pennsylvania history, the book focuses especially on the lives of everyday people over the centuries. It also magnifies historical events by examining the experiences of local communities throughout the state. Pennsylvania: A History of the Commonwealth is divided into two parts. Part I offers a narrative history of the Commonwealth, paying special attention to the peopling process (the movement of people into, around, and out from the state); the ways people defined and defended communities; the forms of economic production; the means of transportation and communication; the character, content, and consequences of people's values; and the political cultures that emerged from the kinds of society, economy, and culture each period formed and sustained. Part II offers a series of &"Ways to Pennsylvania's Past&"&—nine concise guides designed to enable readers to discover Pennsylvania's heritage for themselves. Geography, architecture, archaeology, folklore and folklife, genealogy, photography, art, oral history, and literature are all discussed as methods of uncovering and understanding the past. Each chapter is especially attuned to Pennsylvania's place in the larger American context, and a Foreword, Introduction, and Epilogue to Part I explore general themes throughout the state's history. An important feature of the book is the large selection of illustrations&—more than 400 prints, maps, photographs, and paintings carefully chosen from repositories across the state and beyond, to show how Pennsylvanians have lived, worked, and played through the centuries. This book is the result of a unique collaboration between Penn State Press and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC), the official history agency of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Together they gathered scholars from all over the Commonwealth to envision a new history of the Keystone State and commit their resources to make imagining and writing a new history possible.

The essays in Foragers and Farmers of the Early and Middle Woodland Periods in Pennsylvania reflect a range of recent thought and research on what Paul Raber describes as one of the most &“enigmatic periods of Pennsylvania&’s prehistory.&” The essays represent a variety of viewpoints and approaches to the period, from the site-specific to the synthetic, and they include evidence from all parts of the commonwealth. Together, they define the principal themes and issues in Early and Middle Woodland studies and show a variety of ways in which researchers in Pennsylvania are attempting to address them. The issues outlined in Foragers and Farmers offer a framework in which continuing research on this period can contribute to the broader study of some of the major questions in archaeology. Along with the editors, the contributors are J. M. Adovasio, Kristen A. Beckman, Thomas C. East, R. Fryman, Janet R. Johnson, Michael Klein, Mark A. McConaughy, D. R. Pedler, A. G. Quinn, R. Michael Stewart, and Andrew Wyatt.

This fascinating book is the first volume in a projected cultural history of the United States, from the earliest English settlements to our own time. It is a history of American folkways as they have changed through time, and it argues a thesis about the importance for the United States of having been British in its cultural origins. While most people in the United States today have no British ancestors, they have assimilated regional cultures which were created by British colonists, even while preserving ethnic identities at the same time. In this sense, nearly all Americans are "Albion's Seed," no matter what their ethnicity may be. The concluding section of this remarkable book explores the ways that regional cultures have continued to dominate national politics from 1789 to 1988, and still help to shape attitudes toward education, government, gender, and violence, on which differences between American regions are greater than between European nations.

In 1631, when the Dutch tried to develop plantation agriculture in the Delaware Valley, the Lenape Indians destroyed the colony of Swanendael and killed its residents. The Natives and Dutch quickly negotiated peace, avoiding an extended war through diplomacy and trade. The Lenapes preserved their political sovereignty for the next fifty years as Dutch, Swedish, Finnish, and English colonists settled the Delaware Valley. The European outposts did not approach the size and strength of those in Virginia, New England, and New Netherland. Even after thousands of Quakers arrived in West New Jersey and Pennsylvania in the late 1670s and '80s, the region successfully avoided war for another seventy-five years. Lenape Country is a sweeping narrative history of the multiethnic society of the Delaware Valley in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. After Swanendael, the Natives, Swedes, and Finns avoided war by focusing on trade and forging strategic alliances in such events as the Dutch conquest, the Mercurius affair, the Long Swede conspiracy, and English attempts to seize land. Drawing on a wide range of sources, author Jean R. Soderlund demonstrates that the hallmarks of Delaware Valley society—commitment to personal freedom, religious liberty, peaceful resolution of conflict, and opposition to hierarchical government—began in the Delaware Valley not with Quaker ideals or the leadership of William Penn but with the Lenape Indians, whose culture played a key role in shaping Delaware Valley society. The first comprehensive account of the Lenape Indians and their encounters with European settlers before Pennsylvania's founding, Lenape Country places Native culture at the center of this part of North America.

Shovel Ready provides a comprehensive lens through which to view the New Deal period, a fascinating and prolific time in American archaeology. In this collection of diverse essays united by a common theme, Bernard K. Means and his contributors deliver a valuable research tool for practicing archaeologists and historians of archaeology, as well as New Deal scholars in general. To rescue Americans from economic misery and the depths of despair during the Great Depression, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt created several New Deal jobs programs to put people to work. Men and women labored on a variety of jobs, from building roads to improving zoos. Some ordinary citizens—with no prior experience—were called on to act as archaeologists and excavate sites across the nation, ranging in size from small camps to massive mound complexes, and dating from thousands of years ago to the early Colonial period. Shovel Ready contains essays on projects ranging across the breadth of the United States, including New Deal investigations in California, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas. Some essays engage in historical retrospectives. Others bring the technologies of the twenty-first century, including accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of curated collections and geophysical surveys at New Deal–excavated sites, to bear on decades-old excavations. The volume closes with an investigation into material remnants of the New Deal itself. Contributors John L. Cordell / John F. Doershuk / David H. Dye /Scott W. Hammerstedt / Janet R. Johnson / Kevin Kiernan /Gregory D. Lattanzi /Patrick C. Livingood / Anna R. Lunn / Bernard K. Means / Stephen E. Nash / Amanda L. Regnier / Sissel Schroeder / James R. Wettstaed